The concept of the sentence and its sections between the ancients and the modern

The study, tagged with "The Concept of the Sentence and its Parts Between the Ancients and the Modernists", aimed to define the concept of the sentence in the Arabic language and identify its divisions in the ancients and the moderns. The researcher used the descriptive-analytical approach, using a handful of old books in grammar and rhetoric, such as Sibawayh's The study yielded several results, the most important of which are:
The grammarians have two doctrines in distinguishing between speech and sentence.
1- The modernists took two directions in distinguishing between speech and sentence as their predecessors from the ancients.
2- The classification of the sentence by the ancients varies according to the different angle in which they look at the sentence, such as considering its origin, considering its occurrence within the scope of another sentence, considering its syntactic position, considering the general function it performs, and considering the temporal significance.
3- The modernists’ divisions of sentences have varied, and perhaps most of them are from the researcher’s point of view, according to the division of Dr. Mahmoud Ahmed Nahle, who divided the sentence according to eight criteria.