The famine in Ethiopia (1983-1985) causes and consequences

Document Type : Academic scientific reviews of any other material related to the main domains of this Journal.

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History Department, Faculty of Humanities Studies, Al -Azhar university, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

Famine is one of the harsh human experiences suffered by the African continent, to the extent that it took on the character of an endemic disease, and Ethiopia was one of these countries that was subjected to frequent droughts, especially in the northern regions, which led to the occurrence of one of the most devastating famines during the eighties of the twentieth century, specifically in the The period (1893-1985), which left behind one million two hundred thousand deaths, four hundred thousand refugees and two million five hundred thousand displaced, Therefore, this research aimed to shed light on it and reveal the most important reasons that contributed, along with drought, to its occurrence. The research also addressed the measures taken by the Ethiopian government to confront the crisis, foremost of which is the “resettlement” program, which aimed to transfer the afflicted from the northern regions to areas With fertile soil and torrential rains, this program was severely criticized by Western countries, which described it as a "forced displacement" of citizens, in addition to talking about the volume of food aid provided by donor countries to Ethiopia, in an attempt to save the lives of millions of Ethiopian citizens, As well as talking about the effects of this famine on the Ethiopian community.

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