The Nile and its political effects on Egypt during the Fatimid era (358-969 AH / 567-1171 AD)

Document Type : Brief summaries of Dissertations.

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Demonstrator at faculty of arts, Aswan University, History department

Abstract

During the Fatimid era (358-969 AH/567-1171 AD) Egypt witnessed many famines that killed thousands of Egyptians, and some have considered that the main reason for these famines is due to the lack of Nile water, but the facts and the level of flooding during these famines denies this, The real reasons that starved Egypt in the days of the Fatimids is deeper than the issue of flooding, be cause there are many famines occurred in years when the Nile level was high, while some years have witnessed economic stability despite the low level of flood, This means that the relationship between the Nile flood and famines is not direct, but the real reasons are due to the nature of the Fatimid state and its systems, in addition to the weakness of its successors and the corruption of their ministers, Egypt is the gift of the Nile and cannot know cultivation or stability without it, but it is obligatory for everyone who rules Egypt to improve dealing with this gift in order to avoid its people expensiveness and hunger. The Nile is as old as Egypt, and this is its nature since God created it, for that it was necessary to search in the political system of the Fatimid state to reveal the real reasons for famines in their era, and these reasons were in the systems of the Fatimids and in the personalities of their successors, their ministers and their family.

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